As we all know that the human language and the animal 
language are natural and behavioral in their formation. Here we are concerned with Human Language not the animal language that's what linguistics basically wants us to study but one has to distinguish between the human language and the animal language so for that the following features or the characteristics of the human language are highlighted and 
defined :


1. Discreteness : This property of the human language gives an idea regarding the non-planned development of the language. This development is in the mind which is there in each and every individual right from the time of his/her birth.

2. Arbitrariness : If we talk about the literal meaning of arbitrariness it is that there's no direct relationship between the sound and its symbol. A group of scholars who reached on a single agreement that this particular symbol will be used to denote this particular sound. There is no direct connection between the symbol and the sound. 

3. Displacement : According to this property human 
beings are able to communicate within themselves about present, past and future, in short it is the ability to communicate through out time and across space, this property of the human language distinguishes human system of communication to the animal system of communication.
 
4. Prevarication : This property projects the notion of expressing or conveying falsehood or nonsense. 

5. Interchangeability : According to this property, the roles can be interchanged as the speaker becomes the hearer, hearer becomes the speaker, and also in the form of written documents like books, journals etcetera, the author is the writer and the readers are the observers or analyzers of the subject matter. 

6. Cultural Transmission : Language is something that people cannot inherit from their parents, one has to acquire a language in a culture with other speakers and not from parental genes. A baby born in Japan to Japanese parents which is adopted and brought up from birth by English speakers in the United States will inevitably speak English.

7. Creativity : It is an aspect of human language which helps us to create and innovate the new structures from a sound's formations etcetera in the language, the potential number of utterances in any human language is infinite.

8. Duality : This property depicts the existence of at least two levels of organizations to construct the structure of the language i.e. Phonology and Morphology and then Syntax and Semantics and the fifth one is the Discourse. 

9. Vagueness : This property denotes that there is no  clear cut specificity in the subject matter during communication.